Rabu, 18 Maret 2009

The Main Wushu Styles

There is a huge number of wushu styles, but these is the main styles in the comepition:

* Barehanded
o 長拳 Changquan (Long Fist)
o 南拳 Nanquan (Southern Fist)
o 太極拳 Taijiquan (Taiji Fist)

* Short Weapons
o 刀 Dao (single-edged sword)
o 劍 Jian (double-edged sword)
o 太極劍 Taijijian (Taiji double-edged sword)
o 南刀 Nandao (Southern single-edged sword)

* Long Weapons
o 棍 Gun (Staff)
o 槍 Qiang (Spear)
o 南棍 Nangun (Southern cudgel)

styles in details :

Changquan refers to long-range extended wushu styles like Chaquan (查拳), Huaquan (華拳), Hongquan (洪拳; "flood fist"), and Shaolinquan (少林拳), but this wushu form is a modernized style derived from movements of these and other traditional styles. Changquan is the most widely-seen of the wushu forms, and includes whirling, running, leaping, and acrobatics. Changquan is difficult to perform, requiring great flexibility and athleticism, and is often practised from a young age.

Nanquan refers to wushu styles originating in south China (i.e., south of the Yangtze River, including Hongjiaquan (洪家拳), Cailifoquan (蔡李佛拳), and Yongchunquan (詠春拳). Many are known for vigorous, athletic movements with very stable, low stances and intricate hand movements. This wushu form is a modern style derived from movements of these and other traditional southern styles. Nanquan typically requires less flexibility and has fewer acrobatics than Changquan, but it also requires greater leg stability and power generation through leg and hip coordination. This event was created in 1960.

Taijiquan is a wushu style famous for slow, relaxed movements, and often seen as an exercise method for the elderly. This wushu form is a modern recompilation based on the Yang (楊) style of Taijiquan, but also including movements of the Chen (陳), Wu (吳), Wu (武), and Sun (孫) styles.

Dao refers to any curved, one-sided sword/blade, but this wushu form is a Changquan method of using a medium-sized willow-leaf-shaped dao (柳葉刀).

Jian refers to any double-edged straight sword/blade, but this wushu form is a Changquan method of using the jian.

Gun refers to a long staff (wooden, not made of bamboo as it will split) as tall as the wrist of a person standing with his/her arms stretched upwards, but this wushu form is a Changquan method of using the gun.

Qiang refers to a flexible spear with red hair attached to the spearhead, but this wushu form is a Changquan method of using the qiang.

Taijijian is an event using the jian based on traditional Taijiquan jian methods.

Nandao is a weapon that appears to be based on the butterfly swords of Yongchunquan, but has been lengthened and changed so that only one is used (as opposed to a pair). This event is a Nanquan method, and was created in 1992.

Nangun is a Nanquan method of using the gun (Chinese word meaning staff, not to be confused with handgun). This event was created in 1992.

Other routines
The majority of routines used in the sport are new, modernized recompilations of traditional routines. However, routines taken directly from traditional styles, including the styles that are not part of standard events, may be performed in competition, especially in China. These routines generally do not garner as many points as their modern counterparts, and are performed in events separate from the compulsory routine events. Among these, the more commonly seen routines include:

* Baguazhang (八卦掌) - Eight-Trigrams Palm
* Bajiquan (八極拳) - Eight Extremes Fist/Boxing
* Chaquan (查拳) - Cha Fist/Boxing
* Chuojiao (戳腳) - Poking Feet
* Ditangquan (地躺拳) - Ground-Prone Fist/Boxing
* Fanziquan (翻子拳) - Overturning Fist/Boxing
* Houquan (猴拳) - Monkey Fist/Boxing
* Huaquan (華拳) - Hua Fist/Boxing
* Paochui (炮捶) - Cannon Punch
* Piguaquan (劈掛拳) - Chop-Hitch Fist/Boxing
* Shequan (蛇拳) - Snake Fist/Boxing
* Tantui (弹腿)- Spring Leg
* Tanglanghushi (螳螂虎势) - Praying Mantis and Tiger Style
* Tanglanquan (螳螂拳) - Praying Mantis Fist/Boxing
* Tongbeiquan (通背拳) - Through-the-Back Fist/Boxing
* Wing Chun (Yongchunquan) - Eternal Spring
* Xingyiquan (形意拳) - Shape-Intent Fist/Boxing
* Yingzhaoquan (鷹爪拳) - Eagle Claw Fist/Boxing
* Zuiquan (醉酒拳) - Drunken Fist/Boxing

Similarly, there is also a traditional weapons category, which often includes the following:

* Changsuijian (長穗劍) - Long-Tasseled Sword
* Shuangshoujian (雙手劍) - Two-Handed Sword
* Jiujiebian (九節鞭) - Nine Section Whip
* Sanjiegun (三節棍) - Three Section Staff
* Shengbiao (繩鏢) - Rope Dart
* Dadao (大刀) - Great Sword
* Pudao (撲刀) - Pu Sword
* Emeici (峨嵋刺) - Emei Daggers
* Shuangdao (雙刀) - Double Broadsword
* Shuangjian (雙劍) - Double Sword
* Shuangbian (雙鞭) - Double Nine Section Whips
* Shuanggou (雙鈎) - Double Hooksword

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